[FIW_Logo_de_en] Please scroll down for the English version Sehr geehrte Damen und Herren, Wir möchten Sie über die kommenden Seminare in International Economics im Frühjahr 2021 informieren. Das FIW bietet gemeinsam mit dem Wiener Institut für Internationale Wirtschaftsvergleiche (wiiw) regelmäßig Vorlesungen in Form eines "Seminars in International Economics" an, zu denen wir Sie herzlich einladen. Folgende Seminare in International Economics finden im Frühjahr 2021 statt: * Reminder: The environmental bias of trade policy (Online event) * Reminder: Theory to Policy with Gravitas: A Solution to the Mystery of the Excess Trade Balances (Online event) * Patent Boxes and the Success Rate of Patent Applications (Online event) * Border Policies and Unauthorized Flows: Evidence from the Refugee Crisis in Europe (Online event) Reminder: Einladung zum Seminar in International Economics: The environmental bias of trade policy (Online event) The environmental bias of trade policy (Online event) Vortragender: Joseph S. Shapiro, University of California Zeit: Donnerstag, 18. März 2021, 15:00 Uhr Registrierungslink: https://wiiw.ac.at/the-environmental-bias-of-trade-policy-online-event-er-50... Dies ist eine Online-Veranstaltung über Zoom. Bitte registrieren Sie sich für den Einwahllink. Dieser wird Ihnen kurz vor der Veranstaltung zugesandt. Sprache: Englisch Description: This paper describes a new fact, then analyzes its causes and consequences: in most countries, import tariffs and non-tariff barriers are substantially lower on dirty than on clean industries, where an industry's "dirtiness" is defined as its carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions per dollar of output. This difference in trade policy creates a global implicit subsidy to CO2 emissions in internationally traded goods and so contributes to climate change. This global implicit subsidy to CO2 emissions totals several hundred billion dollars annually. The greater protection of downstream industries, which are relatively clean, substantially accounts for this pattern. The downstream pattern can be explained by theories where industries lobby for low tariffs on their inputs but final consumers are poorly organized. A quantitative general equilibrium model suggests that if countries applied similar trade policies to clean and dirty goods, global CO2 emissions would decrease and global real income would change little. Dieses Seminar findet im Rahmen des FIW-Projekts statt, das vom österreichischen Bundesministerium für Digitalisierung und Wirtschaftsstandort (BMDW) gefördert wird. Reminder: Einladung zum Seminar in International Economics:
From Theory to Policy with Gravitas: A Solution to the Mystery of the Excess Trade Balances (Online event)
From Theory to Policy with Gravitas: A Solution to the Mystery of the Excess Trade Balances (Online event)
Vortragender: Yoto V. Yotov, Drexel University (Philadelphia, USA) Zeit: Donnerstag, 25. März 2021, 16:00 Uhr Registrierungslink: https://wiiw.ac.at/from-theory-to-policy-with-gravitas-a-solution-to-the-mys... Dies ist eine Online-Veranstaltung über Zoom. Bitte registrieren Sie sich für den Einwahllink. Dieser wird Ihnen kurz vor der Veranstaltung zugesandt. Sprache: Englisch Description: Bilateral trade balances often play an important role in the international trade policy debate. Academic economists understand that they are misleading indicators of competitiveness and of the gains from trade. However, they also recognize their political relevance, calling for accurate statistical measurement and for more scholarly work. Disturbingly, Davis and Weinstein (2002) argue that the canonical gravity model of trade fails when confronted with bilateral trade balances data, dubbing this "The Mystery of the Excess Trade Balances''. Capitalizing on the latest developments in the theoretical and empirical gravity literature, we demonstrate that the workhorse international trade model actually performs well in explaining bilateral trade balances. Moreover, in our data, only 11 to 13% of the variance in bilateral balances is due to asymmetric bilateral trade costs, belying beliefs that bilateral imbalances are driven by 'unfair' manipulation of terms-of-trade. We also perform several general equilibrium experiments within the same structural gravity framework to show that free trade agreements tend to exacerbate bilateral imbalances and that macroeconomic rebalancing leads to adjustment with all trade partners. Einladung zum Seminar in International Economics: Patent Boxes and the Success Rate of Patent Applications (Online event) Patent Boxes and the Success Rate of Patent Applications (Online event) Vortragender: Ronald B. Davies, University College Dublin Zeit: Donnerstag, 8. April 2021, 16:00 Uhr Registrierungslink: https://wiiw.ac.at/patent-boxes-and-the-success-rate-of-patent-applications-... Dies ist eine Online-Veranstaltung über Zoom. Bitte registrieren Sie sich für den Einwahllink. Dieser wird Ihnen kurz vor der Veranstaltung zugesandt. Sprache: Englisch Description: Patent boxes significantly reduce the tax rate applied to income earned from a patent. Existing work finds that those reductions increase the number of patents. That said, not all patents are equally novel. In particular, the patent box encourages the submission of patents of marginal novelty, a selection effect that would reduce the average success rates of patents. At the same time, the increased return to patenting encourages additional effort in innovation development and application preparation, increasing success rates. While this predicts an ambiguous effect, by exploiting the time dimension of these responses, we are able to examine their relative size. Using data from applications to the European Patent Office from 1978 to 2017 and find that the introduction of a patent box increases the average success rate of applications from the large innovators who make up the majority of applications by 6.9 percentage points. This impact only materializes two years after a patent box takes effect, suggesting that improved research effort is the dominant response by rms. Einladung zum Seminar in International Economics: Border Policies and Unauthorized Flows: Evidence from the Refugee Crisis in Europe (Online event) Border Policies and Unauthorized Flows: Evidence from the Refugee Crisis in Europe (Online event) Vortragender: Francesco Fasani, Queen Mary University of London Zeit: Donnerstag, 29. April 2021, 16:00 Uhr Registrierungslink: https://wiiw.ac.at/border-policies-and-unauthorized-flows-evidence-from-the-... Dies ist eine Online-Veranstaltung über Zoom. Bitte registrieren Sie sich für den Einwahllink. Dieser wird Ihnen kurz vor der Veranstaltung zugesandt. Sprache: Englisch Description: In this paper, we first describe the size, composition and characteristics of the recent unauthorised migration flows through external European Union borders. We then assess the effectiveness of EU border enforcement policies in deterring or diverting migration flows across alternative routes. Our empirical analysis is based on a novel dataset of Frontex records on attempted illegal crossing by quarter, country of origin and route of entry in Europe for the period 2009-2017. These records are matched with a dataset - that we assembled - on the monthly EU budget spent on border enforcement and search and rescue operations on each route of entry. Our empirical analysis is threefold. First, we document the existence of a political cycle in enforcement spending at the external EU borders which is orthogonal to expected ows. Second, we use this result as a first stage to deal with the endogeneity of border policies and retrieve the causal impact of enforcement on unauthorized flows. Third, we analyse the effect of outsourcing border controls to a non-EU transit country (the 2016 EU-Turkey deal) on deterrence and diversion of unauthorized flows. Wir freuen uns über Ihre Teilnahme an den Veranstaltungen. Mit freundlichen Grüßen Alexander Hudetz und Birgit Buschbom FIW-Projektbüro Es entspricht nicht unserer Philosophie Ihnen unerwünschte E-Mails zukommen zu lassen. Falls Sie keine weiteren E-Mails vom FIW erhalten möchten, schreiben Sie bitte an das Projektbüro<mailto:fiw-pb@fiw.at> mit dem Betreff "Abmelden". __________________________________ Der Forschungsschwerpunkt Internationale Wirtschaft (FIW) (https://www.fiw.ac.at/) ist eine Kooperation zwischen der Wirtschaftsuniversität Wien (WU), der Universität Wien, der Johannes Kepler Universität Linz und der Universität Innsbruck, WIFO, wiiw und WSR. FIW wird von den Bundesministerien BMBFW und BMDW finanziert. Dear Sir or Madam, In today's newsletter we would like to inform you about the upcoming Seminars in International Economics in spring 2021. Together with the Vienna Institute for International Economic Studies (wiiw), FIW offers regular lectures in the form of a "Seminar in International Economics", to which we cordially invite you. The following seminars in International Economics will take place in spring 2021: * Reminder: The environmental bias of trade policy (Online event) * Reminder: Theory to Policy with Gravitas: A Solution to the Mystery of the Excess Trade Balances (Online event) * Patent Boxes and the Success Rate of Patent Applications (Online event) * Border Policies and Unauthorized Flows: Evidence from the Refugee Crisis in Europe (Online event) Reminder: Invitation to Seminar in International Economics: The environmental bias of trade policy (Online event) The environmental bias of trade policy (Online event) Speaker: Joseph S. Shapiro, University of California Time: 18. March 18, 2021, 3:00 p.m. Registration link: https://wiiw.ac.at/the-environmental-bias-of-trade-policy-online-event-er-50... This is an online event via Zoom. Please register for the dial-in link. The link will be sent shortly before the event. Language: English Description: This paper describes a new fact, then analyzes its causes and consequences: in most countries, import tariffs and non-tariff barriers are substantially lower on dirty than on clean industries, where an industry's "dirtiness" is defined as its carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions per dollar of output. This difference in trade policy creates a global implicit subsidy to CO2 emissions in internationally traded goods and so contributes to climate change. This global implicit subsidy to CO2 emissions totals several hundred billion dollars annually. The greater protection of downstream industries, which are relatively clean, substantially accounts for this pattern. The downstream pattern can be explained by theories where industries lobby for low tariffs on their inputs but final consumers are poorly organized. A quantitative general equilibrium model suggests that if countries applied similar trade policies to clean and dirty goods, global CO2 emissions would decrease and global real income would change little. This seminar is an activity in the framework of FIW project, funded by the Austrian Ministry for Digital and Economic Affairs (BMDW). Reminder: Invitation to Seminar in International Economics:
From Theory to Policy with Gravitas: A Solution to the Mystery of the Excess Trade Balances (Online event)
From Theory to Policy with Gravitas: A Solution to the Mystery of the Excess Trade Balances (Online event)
Speaker: Yoto V. Yotov, Drexel University (Philadelphia, USA) Time: March 25, 2021, 4:00 p.m. Registration link: https://wiiw.ac.at/from-theory-to-policy-with-gravitas-a-solution-to-the-mys... This is an online event via Zoom. Please register for the dial-in link. The link will be sent shortly before the event. Language: English Description: Bilateral trade balances often play an important role in the international trade policy debate. Academic economists understand that they are misleading indicators of competitiveness and of the gains from trade. However, they also recognize their political relevance, calling for accurate statistical measurement and for more scholarly work. Disturbingly, Davis and Weinstein (2002) argue that the canonical gravity model of trade fails when confronted with bilateral trade balances data, dubbing this "The Mystery of the Excess Trade Balances''. Capitalizing on the latest developments in the theoretical and empirical gravity literature, we demonstrate that the workhorse international trade model actually performs well in explaining bilateral trade balances. Moreover, in our data, only 11 to 13% of the variance in bilateral balances is due to asymmetric bilateral trade costs, belying beliefs that bilateral imbalances are driven by 'unfair' manipulation of terms-of-trade. We also perform several general equilibrium experiments within the same structural gravity framework to show that free trade agreements tend to exacerbate bilateral imbalances and that macroeconomic rebalancing leads to adjustment with all trade partners. Invitation to Seminar in International Economics: Patent Boxes and the Success Rate of Patent Applications (Online event) Patent Boxes and the Success Rate of Patent Applications (Online event) Speaker: Ronald B. Davies, University College Dublin Time: April 8, 2021, 4:00 p.m. Registration link: https://wiiw.ac.at/patent-boxes-and-the-success-rate-of-patent-applications-... This is an online event via Zoom. Please register for the dial-in link. The link will be sent shortly before the event. Language: English Description: Patent boxes significantly reduce the tax rate applied to income earned from a patent. Existing work finds that those reductions increase the number of patents. That said, not all patents are equally novel. In particular, the patent box encourages the submission of patents of marginal novelty, a selection effect that would reduce the average success rates of patents. At the same time, the increased return to patenting encourages additional effort in innovation development and application preparation, increasing success rates. While this predicts an ambiguous effect, by exploiting the time dimension of these responses, we are able to examine their relative size. Using data from applications to the European Patent Office from 1978 to 2017 and find that the introduction of a patent box increases the average success rate of applications from the large innovators who make up the majority of applications by 6.9 percentage points. This impact only materializes two years after a patent box takes effect, suggesting that improved research effort is the dominant response by rms. Invitation to Seminar in International Economics: Border Policies and Unauthorized Flows: Evidence from the Refugee Crisis in Europe (Online event) Border Policies and Unauthorized Flows: Evidence from the Refugee Crisis in Europe (Online event) Speaker: Francesco Fasani, Queen Mary University of London Time: April 29, 2021, 4:00 p.m. Registration link: https://wiiw.ac.at/border-policies-and-unauthorized-flows-evidence-from-the-... This is an online event via Zoom. Please register for the dial-in link. The link will be sent shortly before the event. Language: English Description: In this paper, we first describe the size, composition and characteristics of the recent unauthorised migration flows through external European Union borders. We then assess the effectiveness of EU border enforcement policies in deterring or diverting migration flows across alternative routes. Our empirical analysis is based on a novel dataset of Frontex records on attempted illegal crossing by quarter, country of origin and route of entry in Europe for the period 2009-2017. These records are matched with a dataset - that we assembled - on the monthly EU budget spent on border enforcement and search and rescue operations on each route of entry. Our empirical analysis is threefold. First, we document the existence of a political cycle in enforcement spending at the external EU borders which is orthogonal to expected ows. Second, we use this result as a first stage to deal with the endogeneity of border policies and retrieve the causal impact of enforcement on unauthorized flows. Third, we analyse the effect of outsourcing border controls to a non-EU transit country (the 2016 EU-Turkey deal) on deterrence and diversion of unauthorized flows. We are looking forward to your participation in the events. Kind regards Alexander Hudetz and Birgit Buschbom FIW Project Office It is not our philosophy to send you unwanted e-mails. If you do not wish to receive further e-mails from FIW, please write to the project office<mailto:fiw-pb@fiw.ac.at> with the subject "Unsubscribe". _____________________________________________________ The FIW - Research Centre International Economics (https://www.fiw.ac.at/) is a cooperation between the Vienna University of Economics and Business (WU), the University Vienna, the Johannes Kepler University Linz and the University of Innsbruck, WIFO, wiiw and WSR. FIW is funded by BMBFW and BMDW. [Titel: Logo des FIW - Beschreibung: Das ist das Logo Kompetenzzentrum Forschungsschwerpunkt Internationale Wirtschaft, das in Kooperation mit dem BMDW die AW-Vorlesungen organisiert.]
